Crown: A general term for the crown and cape worn by Taoist priests during the week and the cape worn during the jiao-festival ceremonies. Early Taoism for the provisions of the crown and clothing is very simple, from the Southern Dynasty Liu Song Lu Xiu Jing, Taoist priests tend to strict system of crown and clothing, crown and clothing distinction is more and more obvious. According to the north and south dynasty “hole xuan lingbao three holes by the dao section precepts camping private” volume five, on all kinds of Taoist priests of the crown made clear provisions. The book said: “Clothing to the Elephant Virtue Instrumental shape, Taoist female crown, the first of WeiYi SenPei JingFa, each must have such as this law, shall not be chattering fallacy. Violation of the count of three thousand six hundred.” Tang Taoist priest Zhang Wanfu “three holes in the clothing section precepts” in the Taoist crown and clothing classification has been simplified, according to the law is divided into six categories.
Dharma Clothing: The name of the clothing worn by Taoist deities, as well as by high priests and masters in the Bun Ceremony. Taoist legal clothing originated from the ancient Chinese sacrificial rites of the dress regulations, and with the Taoist doctrinal thinking and clothing of the times related to the change.
Taoist Scarves
Mixed yuan scarf: symbolizes the mixed yuan one air. It is made of black silk paste, hard brimmed round hat. Top of the center of a round hole, to reveal the hair bun, now the whole truth Taoist priests wear this hat.
Zhuangzi scarf: symbolizes as Zhuangzi, unrestrained, extraordinary. Also known as punch and scarf, the scarf below the square, the upper part of the triangle, like a roof, the front of the cap is inlaid with white jade, it is to the cap, symbolizing the integrity of character. Elderly Taoist priests wear Zhuangzi scarf.
Pure Yang towel: the Ming dynasty “three talents will” said: “pure Yang towel, also known as Lotte towel, the top of an inch of silk, crease accumulation such as bamboo slips, hanging in the back, said the pure Yang to immortal name, and Lotte is also known as a person.”
Nine beam scarf: similar to pure sun scarf. The top of the front is flat and slanting like the tail surface, rows of nine stacks, nine seams. Taoism believes that nine is the number of extreme Yang, the ultimate goal of all cultivation. Therefore, nine beam scarf and symbolize the Taoist disciples of the Great Way.
Hao Ran Towel: Min Yide, a Taoist priest of the Qing Dynasty, said in Qing Gui Xuan Miao that “Hao Ran is used on snowy nights.” Visible Hao Ran scarf is the snow scarf. This scarf symbolizes the Taoist righteousness.
Easy scarf: also known as lotus leaf scarf, Quanzhen young Taoist priests wear this scarf. With a block of large square scarf will be pulled hair wrapped up, leaving two corners of the virtual back. Walking with the wind fluttering, showing the Taoist free and easy.
Three Religions Scarf: It should be sewn by Master Wang Chongyang when he put forward the idea of the unity of the three religions. It reflects the inclusive nature of Taoism and the religious philosophy of peace. Taoist priests can wear this scarf if they have received the Middle Pole Precepts.
A word scarf: the old name of the width of the scarf, made of green cloth cloth belt, end with high-quality wood carved into the Taiji gossip buckle interconnected. Usually to fix the head edge of the short hair worn. The scarf buckle for the “mixed circle”, spread out for the “one”, is a reflection of the “Taoist one, a life of two, two born three, three born of all things,” the doctrine of thought.
Sun Scarf: Shaped like a modern sun hat, the sun scarf is mainly used to shield oneself from the summer sun. The difference is that the sun scarf is made of blue cloth. It is worn by Quanzhen Taoist priests because they have to insert hairpins after pulling their hair back, so the raised part in the center is triangular in shape. This scarf is used more in Hubei.
Crowns of Taoist priests
Yellow crown: only those who have received the first real precepts can wear; three Taiwan crowns, those who have received the middle pole precepts can wear; Wuyue crown, overlaying the bucket shape, engraved with the “five mountains real shape figure”, must have received the Tianxian precepts can wear; five old crowns, the shape of the lotus petal, embroidered in the image of the five old people, the evening to do the superhuman rituals, the high power to wear; the beginning of the crowns, the hole is true master, the hole of too much volume of the law and three holes in the lecturer wearing the law; hibiscus crown, the daluajinji, and three holes to speak of the master The Hibiscus Crown is worn by the Golden Immortals of the Great Luo.
Daoist Clothes
Vestments: A collective term for the various types of clothing worn by Daoist priests in the Daoist rituals. Confession clothes, Taoist priests in the rituals in the chanting and worship of a vestment; Jiang Yi, in the large-scale jiao-festival, high priests wear a vestment, wear lined with sea green, its system of two sleeves wide hanging down to the ground, when the arms are unfolded, the two sleeves and the body of the garment synthesized into a quadrangular shape, the two sleeves and the body of the garment are embroidered with a gold silk dragon pattern; sea green, for the daily wear of the Taoist priests, is a simple production of green cloth and made of wide-sleeved robes. Nowadays, for the sake of wearing convenience, white lapel and slanting lapel are mostly worn in summer, and most of them are made of cotton and silk.
Daoist Shoes and Socks
The Taoist usually wears double-faced shoes or ten-faced shoes made of green cloth with holes cut along the edges, which are then sewn or unsewn with white cloth, mostly in summer. White socks are used to cover the pants and tie them up, so that they can enter the temple to avoid body dirt falling to the ground.
Shoes Used by Venerable Masters
Taoist boots: the shoes worn by the high priests in holding large-scale jiao-festival ceremonies, their system of high black cylinders, white lacquer high thick hard soles; cloud shoes, large-scale jiao-festival ceremonies worn by the high priests, their system of color brocade shallow gangs, embroidered cloud patterns, rounded head, thick white soles, more in the high priests step on the astral battle with the use of the.
冠服:道士平时穿戴的冠裳和免簪帔以及在斋醮仪式中穿着衣帔的总称。早期道教对于冠服之规定甚为简单,从南朝刘宋陆修静起,道士的冠服制度趋向严格,冠服区别愈加明显。据南北朝《洞玄灵宝三洞奉道科戒营私》卷五,对各类道士的冠服作了明确规定。书称:“服以象德仪形,道士女冠,威仪之先参佩经法,各须具备如本法,不得叨谬。违夺算三千六百。”唐道士张万福《三洞法服科戒文》中的道士冠服分类已趋简化,按法派分为六类。
法服:道教神像以及高功和法师在斋醮仪式中所穿服饰的名称。道教法服源于中国古代祭祀礼仪的服饰规定,又与道教教义思想和服饰的时代流变有关。
道士诸巾
混元巾:象征混元一炁。是以黑缯糊制而成,硬沿圆帽。顶之正中留有一圆孔,以露发髻,现全真道士多戴此帽。
庄子巾:象征如庄子一样,无拘无束,超凡脱俗。亦称冲和巾,该巾下面为方形,上部成三角形,状如屋顶,帽前正面镶有白玉,便以正帽,象征品性端正。老年道士多戴庄子巾。
纯阳巾:明朝《三才图会》称:“纯阳巾,又名乐天巾,顶有寸帛,襞积如竹简,垂之于后,曰纯阳者以仙名,而乐天则以人名也。”
九梁巾:类似纯阳巾。前顶平斜如尾面,排有九叠,九缝。道教奉九为极阳之数,一切修行最终目的。故九梁巾又象征道徒们对大道的向往。
浩然巾:清代道士闵一得在《清规玄妙》中说:“雪夜用浩然。”明代朱权的《天皇至道太清玉册》卷六中有雪巾的记载:“以玄色紵丝为之,以天鹅皮为里,凡雪天严寒皆用之以护脑。”可见浩然巾即是雪巾。此巾象征道士的浩然正气。
逍遥巾:亦称荷叶巾,全真年轻道士多戴此巾。用块大方巾将挽好的头发包扎起来,留有两角虚于后背。走路时随风飘动,显示出道士逍遥自在。
三教巾:应该是王重阳祖师提出三教合一思想时所缝制。体现了道教的包融性,崇尚和平的宗教理念。道士受了中极戒就可以戴此巾。
一字巾:旧称幅巾,用青布做成布带,端头用优质木雕成太极八卦扣相互衔接。平时为了固定头边沿的短发所戴。该巾扣上为“混元圈”,散开为“一”,正体现了“道生一、一生二、二生三、三生万物”的教义思想。
太阳巾:形如现代的太阳帽,主要是遮挡夏日阳光。不同的是,太阳巾是用蓝布做成。因全真道士挽发后要插簪子,便以佩戴,所以中间隆起的部分为三角形。此巾在湖北使用者较多。
道士诸冠
黄冠:曾受初真戒者方可戴;三台冠,受过中极戒者可戴;五岳冠,覆斗形,上刻“五岳真形图”,必须受过天仙戒者方可戴;五老冠,莲瓣形,中绣五老像,晚间做超度法事时,高功所戴;元始冠,是洞真法师、太洞法量和三洞讲法师所戴;芙蓉冠,大罗金仙所戴。
道士诸衣
法衣:道教科仪中高功法师各种穿着的统称。忏衣,道士在科仪中念经拜忏时所穿的一种法衣;绛衣,在大型斋醮法会中,高功法师所穿的一种法衣,穿时里衬海青,其制两袖宽大垂地,双臂展开时,两袖和衣身合成四角形,两袖和衣身均绣有金丝龙纹;海青,为道士日常穿用,是用青布简单制作而成宽袖道袍。现今为了穿着方便,夏天多穿白色对襟和斜襟两种道衣,多数以棉绸制做。
道人鞋袜
道人平时穿双脸鞋或十方鞋,用青布制做,鞋边沿剪有孔,再用白布将孔缝上或不缝,多为夏天穿。用高筒白袜套住裤管系上,以便进入殿堂避免体垢落地。
高功法师所用的鞋
道靴:高功法师在举行大型斋醮法事所穿的鞋,其制黑色高筒,白漆高厚硬底;云鞋,大型斋醮法事中高功所穿,其制彩锦浅帮,绣制云纹,圆头厚白底,多在高功踏罡步斗时所用。